On the flow conditions requiring detailed geometric modeling for multiscale evaluation of coastal forest
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In this study, the multiscale evaluation method is applied to assess the impact of different geometric models of trees on their macroscopic attenuation effects against tsunami-like flow. The main component of the multiscale evaluation method is numerical flow tests (NFTs), which are realized by carrying out 3D flow simulations in a local test domain (LTD). Specifically, by arranging simple cylinder and detailed tree models in an open channel that mimics a coastal forest, we conduct a series of NFTs in the LTD, under various inflow conditions with different inflow velocities and depths to evaluate the macroscopic attenuation property. Then, the NFT results are investigated from the macro- and microscopic perspectives; that is, we discuss how the geometry modeling for trees influences the macroscopic flow characteristics in terms of these indices and clarify the microscopic mechanisms that influence the macroscopic attenuation property. For 3D flow simulations in the LTD necessary for the NFTs, we employ the stabilized finite element method (FEM) incorporated with the phase-field method [3].
